Examination of Element Concentrations in Groundwater by ICP-MS for Monitoring of Pre-Earthquake Activities

This study presents the results of hydrogeochemical studies carried out in Zeytun thermal springs in Kahramanmaras,located South Middle Anatolia-Turkey.More than 90thermal water samples were collected on a regular basis from 2006to 2008to measure element concentrations as a monitor of earthquake precursors.Water samples were analyzed using ICP-MS.The observed B,Ba,Br and Ge concentrations for 16months are in ranges of 79～422,103～167,28～93and 0.3～1.2 μ g.L-1,respectively.Chloride concentrations for these periods are in range of 7～21mg.L-1.The data identify some element anomalies before earthquakes.These anomalies are characterized by decreases up to 158%in Ba and Cl concentrations.The occurrence of these anomalies can be attributed to stress / strain induced pressure changes in the subsurface water systems.It can be suggested that the thermal springs in the fault line area are ideal sites for precursors of earthquakes.     

A systematic analysis of hole size,hole-type and rows shifting on slow light characteristics of photonic crystal waveguides with ring-shaped holes

A photonic crystal waveguide embedded in silica is proposed and the effects of number of defect rows adjacent to the line-defect, number of rows shifted in transverse direction to the light propagation and the types of holes in these rows on slow light properties are investigated without changing the line-width by plane-wave expansion method. We observe that the structure with one row of ring-shaped holes exhibits better slow light properties than the structure with two and three innermost rows of ring-shaped holes when outer and inner radius of the holes are considered as free parameters. Shifting the second innermost rows of holes is found to be preferable than shifting the second innermost rows of rings. Besides, shifting the second and third innermost rows together does not make considerable enhancement on the slow light properties as shifting only the second innermost rows, no matter the shifting holes are ring-shaped holes or only holes.     

A fair and time‐consistent sharing of the joint exploitation payoff of a fishery

We consider the problem of efficiently managing a fishery where pollution externalities are present. The open‐access bionomic model is analyzed in an ‐player differential game framework with two‐state variables, that is, the fish stock and the pollution stock. We characterize the noncooperative feedback‐Nash equilibrium and cooperative solution, and define an egalitarian sharing rule to allocate the joint welfare maximizing payoff over an infinite time horizon, and show that this rule is time consistent. Recommendations for Resource Managers

• ● Cooperation in management of a fishery where pollution externalities are present yields a higher payoff over time as compared to the noncooperative behavior.
• ● The dividend of cooperation can be allocated among the fisherpersons according to an egalitarian sharing rule.
• ● This allocation is time‐consistent, that is, no player will be tempted to deviate from cooperation as time goes by, and the initial agreement is sustainable.

     

Transmission control by asymmetric electromagnetically induced transparency-like metamaterials in transverse electromagnetic waveguide

We numerically and experimentally present passive and active electromagnetically induced transparency-like metamaterials in a TEM waveguide under normal excitation. Asymmetry of the metamaterial unit cell leads to the splitting of the radiative resonance. Surface current distributions are analyzed to account for each resonance. Moreover, by implementing a varactor diode to one of the gaps of the double-split ring resonator, electromagnetically induced transmission-like band is shifted in frequency and the corresponding bandwidth is modulated. A modulation ratio of 29.5 dB in transmission is experimentally demonstrated by only increasing the bias voltage 4 volts.     

Intra-Landau-level cyclotron resonance in bilayer graphene

Interaction driven integer quantum-Hall effects are anticipated in graphene bilayers because of the near degeneracy of the eight Landau levels which appear near the neutral system Fermi level. We predict that an intra-Landau-level cyclotron resonance signal will appear at some odd-integer filling factors, accompanied by collective modes which are nearly gapless and have approximate k3/2 dispersion. We speculate on the possibility of unusual localization physics associated with these modes.     

Immunoblastic large B-cell lymphoma of the peripancreatic head region: MR findings

We report the magnetic resonance (MR) appearance of a large B-cell lymphoma in the peripancreatic head region, in a 38-year-old male who presented with a 1-month history of pruritus and jaundice. Routine laboratory examination at presentation revealed an elevated bilirubin. The tumor was a large, solitary well-defined mass with no evidence of necrosis, which showed mild diffuse heterogeneous enhancement. The tumor was closely applied to the lateral margin of the head of the pancreas. The constellation of MR findings was interpreted as consistent with the correct eventual diagnosis of lymphoma.